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|family = R-7 |comparable = Atlas Titan |status = Retired |sites = Baikonur: LC-1/5, 31/6 Plesetsk: LC-41/1, 43/3, 43/4 |launches = Vostok-L: 4 Vostok-K: 13 Vostok-2: 45 Vostok-2M: 94 Soyuz/Vostok: 2 |success = Vostok-L: 3 Vostok-K: 11 Vostok-2: 40 Vostok-2M: 92 Soyuz/Vostok: 2 |fail = Vostok-L: 1 Vostok-K: 2 Vostok-2: 5 Vostok-2M: 2 |first = 15 May 1960 (Vostok-L) |last = 29 August 1991 (Vostok-2M) |payloads = Vostok Zenit Meteor |stagedata = }} Vostok (Russian Восток, translated as ''"East"'') was a family of rockets derived from the Soviet R-7 Semyorka ICBM designed for the human spaceflight programme. This family of rockets launched the first artificial satellite ("sputnik") and the first manned spacecraft in human history. It was a subset of the R-7 family of rockets. On March 18, 1980 a Vostok-2M rocket exploded on its launch pad at Plesetsk during a fueling operation, killing 48 people. An investigation into a similarbut avoidedaccident revealed that the substitution of lead-based for tin-based solder in hydrogen peroxide filters allowed the breakdown of the H2O2, thus causing the resultant explosion. == Variants == The major versions of the rocket were: * Luna 8K72 - used to launch the early Luna spacecraft * Vostok-L 8K72 - Variant of the Luna, used to launch prototype Vostok spacecraft * Vostok-K 8K72K - a refined version of the above. This was the version actually used for human spaceflight * Vostok-2 8A92 - used for launching Zenit reconnaissance satellites throughout the 1960s * Vostok-2M 8A92M - modified version for launching Meteor weather satellites into higher orbits. * Soyuz/Vostok 11A110 - hybrid of Soyuz and Vostok rockets used as an interim for two launches 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vostok (rocket family)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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